Mild steels are characterized by low yield strength and high ductility and are especially suited for the produc-tion of complex parts.They are produced as aluminum killed non-lF grades or as IFgrades.
Soft lF grades have an excellent formability and show very low carbon and nitrogen contents and are stabi-lized by the addition of titanium andior niobium.

Grade | Chemical composition | ||||||||
C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% | Ti% | CU% | ||
VDA 239-100 CR1 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.055 | ≤0.035 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 CR2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.020 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 CR3 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.020 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 CR4 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.020 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 CR5 | ≤0.02 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.020 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
Grade | Mechanical property | ||||
YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) | n | ||
VDA 239-100 CR1 | 140-300 | 270-410 | ≥28 |
| |
VDA 239-100 CR2 | 140-240 | 270-370 | ≥34 | ≥0.16 | |
VDA 239-100 CR3 | 140-210 | 270-350 | ≥38 | ≥0.18 | |
VDA 239-100 CR4 | 140-180 | 270-330 | ≥39 | ≥0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 CR5 | 110-170 | 260-330 | ≥41 | ≥0.22 | |

Grade | Chemical composition | ||||||||
C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% | Ti% | CU% | ||
VDA 239-100 HR0 | ≤0.13 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | ≥0.015 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
VDA 239-100 HR2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.030 | ≥0.015 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | |
Grade | Mechanical property | ||||
YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) | n | ||
VDA 239-100 HR0 | 240-350 | 310-460 | ≥22 | ≥0.12 | |
VDA 239-100 HR2 | 180-290 | 270-400 | ≥30 | ≥0.16 | |

High Strength IF-steels have very low contents of car-bon and nitrogen and are stabilized by the addition oftitanium and/or niobium. As a consequence, thesesteels show a neaily unlimited suitability for storage,Their higher strength is achieved by solid solution hardening with adding manganese, phosphorus and/or silicon formability.
A higher work-hardening, no pronounced yield pointhigh elongations and r-values result in an excellent formability.
Grade | Chemical composition | ||||||||||
C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% | Ti% | Nb% | CU% | |||
VDA 239-100 CR160IF | ≤0.01 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.025 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.09 | ≤0.20 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR180IF | ≤0.01 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.70 | ≤0.06 | ≤0.025 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.09 | ≤0.20 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR210IF | ≤0.01 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.90 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.025 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.09 | ≤0.20 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR240IF | ≤0.01 | ≤0.30 | ≤1.60 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.025 | ≥0.010 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.09 | ≤0.20 | ||
Grade | Mechanical property | |||||
YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) | n | |||
VDA 239-100 CR160IF | 160-210 | 280-340 | ≥38 | ≥0.20 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR180IF | 180-240 | 320-400 | ≥35 | ≥0.19 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR210IF | 210-270 | 340-420 | ≥33 | ≥0.18 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR240IF | 240-300 | 360-440 | ≥31 | ≥0.17 | ||
VDA 239-100 CR1 |
VDA 239-100 CR2 |
VDA 239-100 CR3 |
VDA 239-100 CR4 |
VDA 239-100 CR5 |
VDA 239-100 HR0 |
VDA 239-100 HR2 |
VDA 239-100 CR160IF |
VDA 239-100 CR180IF |
VDA 239-100 CR210IF |
VDA 239-100 CR240IF |