TRIP Steels
TRIP steels are a type of high-strength, low-alloy steel that get their name from their “TRansformation-Induced Plasticity” (TRIP) ability. This allows the steels to retain their strength and hardness at high temperatures, making them ideal for applications requiring both high strength and heat resistance. TRIP steels are also known for their good weldability, formability, and toughness.
Cold rolling

| Grade | Chemical composition | | | | |
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% |
| VDA 239-100 CR400YT690-TR | ≤0.24 | ≤2.0 | ≤2.20 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-2.0 |
| VDA 239-100 CR450YT780-TR | ≤0.25 | ≤2.2 | ≤2.50 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-2.0 |
| Grade | Chemical composition | | |
| Ti%+Nb% | Cr%+Mo% | B% | Cu% |
| VDA 239-100 CR400YT690-TR | ≤0.2 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| VDA 239-100 CR450YT780-TR | ≤0.2 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| Grade | Mechanical property | |
| YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) |
| VDA 239-100 CR400YT690-TR | 400-520 | 690-800 | ≥24 |
| VDA 239-100 CR450YT780-TR | 450-570 | 780-910 | ≥21 |
Complex Phase Steels (CP)
The microstructure of complex phase steels is characterized by a ferritic-bainitic matrix with martensite, tempered martensite, retained austenite, and pearlite forming additional phases due to retarded recrystallization and precipitation of microalloying elements.
There is a higher yield ratio, a lower work hardenability, and a good hole expansion ratio compared to dual phase steels.
Cold rolling

| Grade | Chemical composition | | | | |
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% |
| VDA 239-100 CR570YT780T-CP | ≤0.18 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.50 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-10 |
| VDA 239-100 CR780YT980T-CP | ≤0.23 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.70 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-10 |
| VDA 239-100 CR900YT1180T-CP | ≤0.23 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.90 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-10 |
| Grade | Chemical composition | | |
| Ti%+Nb% | Cr%+Mo% | B% | Cu% |
| VDA 239-100 CR570YT780T-CP | ≤0.15 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| VDA 239-100 CR780YT980T-CP | ≤0.15 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| VDA 239-100 CR900YT1180T-CP | ≤0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| Grade | Mechanical property | |
| YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) |
| VDA 239-100 CR570YT780T-CP | 570-720 | 780-920 | ≥10 |
| VDA 239-100 CR780YT980T-CP | 780-950 | 980-1140 | ≥6 |
| VDA 239-100 CR900YT1180T-CP | 900-110 | 1180-1350 | ≥5 |
Hot rolling

| Grade | Chemical composition | | | | |
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Al% |
| VDA 239-100 HR660Y760T-CP | ≤0.18 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.20 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 0.015-1.2 |
| Grade | Chemical composition | | |
| Ti%+Nb% | Cr%+Mo% | B% | Cu% |
| VDA 239-100 HR660Y760T-CP | ≤0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.005 | ≤0.20 |
| Grade | Mechanical property | |
| YS | TS(MPa) | EL(%) |
| VDA 239-100 HR660Y760T-CP | 660-820 | 760-960 | ≥10 |
Related materials supplied
VDA 239-100 CR400YT690-TR
VDA 239-100 CR450YT780-TR
VDA 239-100 CR570YT780T-CP
VDA 239-100 CR780YT980T-CP
VDA 239-100 CR900YT1180T-CP
VDA 239-100 HR660Y760T-CP