| Base Material | Tubing Material | 304 Stainless Steel Precision Capillary Tubing (UNS S30400) |
| | Key Attributes | Excellent chemical compatibility, good mechanical strength, smooth internal bore. |
| Needle Architecture | Tip Feature | Laser-drilled terminal orifice at the sealed tip of the capillary tube. |
| | Proximal Feature | CNC-machined external thread for mounting into a matching threaded port or manifold. |
| | Flow Path | Straight, unobstructed internal capillary lumen leading to the laser-drilled orifice. |
| Critical Dimensions | Capillary Outer Diameter (OD) | 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm (standard range). |
| | Capillary Inner Diameter (ID) | 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm (defines flow rate & back-pressure). |
| | Orifice Diameter (d) | 15 µm to 200 µm (laser drilling capability). Most common: 50 µm - 100 µm. |
| | Thread Specification | Metric (e.g., M3x0.5, M4x0.7, M6x1.0) or Unified (e.g., 10-32 UNF). Custom threads available. |
| | Overall Length (OAL) | Custom, typically 20 mm to 100 mm from thread end to orifice tip. |
| | Threaded Section Length | Custom, typically 5 mm to 10 mm. |
| Manufacturing & Precision | Orifice Drilling Process | Pulsed Fiber Laser Drilling or Femtosecond Laser Drilling for high circularity and minimal recast layer. |
| | Thread Machining Process | Precision CNC Turning/Milling. |
| | Orifice Circularity & Tolerance | ≥ 95% circularity. Diameter tolerance: ±2 µm (for orifices >50µm). |
| | Orifice Taper/Angle | Can be drilled as a cylindrical hole or with a minor inlet/outlet taper for flow conditioning. |
| | Thread Tolerance | Standard: 6g for external threads. Ensures leak-tight connection with proper sealing. |
| | Concentricity | Orifice concentric to capillary OD: < 0.02 mm TIR. |
| Surface & Finish | Internal Finish | Smooth as-drawn capillary finish. Electropolishing available for ultra-clean, hydrophilic surfaces. |
| | External Finish | As-machined or lightly polished. Can be passivated per ASTM A967. |
| Performance Characterization | Spray Characteristics | Produces a stable, conical spray pattern. Spray angle influenced by orifice geometry and pressure. |
| | Flow Rate Compatibility | Designed for nano-liter to micro-liter per minute flow rates typical in analytical chemistry. |
| | Pressure Rating | Withstands typical HPLC/MS system pressures (up to several hundred bar). |
| Quality & Documentation | Inspection | 100% visual inspection under microscope for orifice defects. Dimensional verification of thread and OD. |
| | Orifice Validation | Sample microscopy images or orifice measurement data can be provided. |
| | Cleanliness | Ultrasonically cleaned in solvents, packaged in clean, anti-static bags. |
| | Documentation | Dimensional drawing/specification sheet, material certification. |