Sulfate (sulfuric acid) method | Chloride method |
---|---|
Drying, grinding concentrate | Drying, grinding concentrate |
Decomposition | Drying, grinding of coke |
Reduction of iron 3+ to iron 2+ | Burden mix melting in ore-thermal furnaces |
Solution purification | Hot metal and slag casting into moulds |
Pan crystallization | Cooling and water herdening |
Centrifugal removal of copperas | Slag crushing and grinding |
Vacuum-evaporating | Slag mixing with tar |
Hydrolysis | Slag briquetting |
White filtration | Slag chlorination |
Whitening and salt treatment | Capture of TiCl4 in refrigerators |
Calcination | 1st rectifivation of TiCl4 |
Dry grindin | 2nd rectifivation of TiCl4 |
Wet grinding | TiCl4 burning |
Hydraulic classification | TiO2 and Cl2 capture |
Surface treatment | Surface treatment |
Titanium dioxide, with a chemical purity of 99.9998%, is used in producing optical fiber products, medical equipment, and the radio-electronic industry. In manufacturing ultra-pure glasses, titanium dioxide serves as a purity reference.
For matting twisted fibre.
For protection against ultraviolet radiation in sunblock creams, for higher whitening effect of toothpastes, soaps, etc.
For higher whitening effect in products, for protection of product package color (plastics) against ultraviolet radiation.
For higher whitening effect in pharma products.
To increase weather resistance of coatings.
Photocatalyst and inert ceramic base material for active components.
Titanium dioxide nanopowders are used for air purification in cities, in producing nanofiber paper based on TiO2, in hydrogen energy, etc.