Reduction Iron Electric Furnace

Equipment Introduction & Technical Parameters

1. Equipment Classification & Structure

1.1 Main Types

• Submerged Arc Reduction Furnace (Mineral Heat Furnace): The most mainstream type. Electrodes are buried in charge, heated by electric arc + resistance heat, closed/semi-closed, for large-scale continuous production.
• Smelting Reduction Furnace (e.g., SRV Furnace): Integrates prereduction and final reduction, directly producing liquid hot metal with high capacity.
• Shaft Furnace Type Reduction Electric Furnace: Gas-based + electric heating, producing solid sponge iron (DRI).

1.2 Main Components (Submerged Arc Type)

1. Power Supply System
   
   
   • Furnace transformer (low voltage, high current, on-load voltage regulation)
   • Short network, high/low voltage cabinet, reactive power compensation
   
   
2. Electrode System
   
   
   • Soderberg / graphite electrode, electrode holder, lifting & slipping device
   
   
3. Furnace Body System
   
   
   • Furnace shell (steel plate), furnace lining (carbon/magnesia refractory)
   • Tap hole & slag hole
   
   
4. Auxiliary Systems
   
   
   • Water cooling system
   • Feeding system
   • Flue gas purification & waste heat recovery
   
   

2. Working Principle

1. Heat Source: Electric arc (3000–6000°C) + resistance heat in burden.
2. Reduction Reactions:3Fe2​O3​+CFe3​O4​+CFeO+C​→2Fe3​O4​+CO↑→3FeO+CO↑→Fe+CO↑​
3. Process: Preheating → high-temperature reduction → slag-iron separation → tapping.

3. Typical Technical Parameters

3.1 Electrical Parameters

3.2 Furnace & Electrode Parameters (33,000 kVA example)

• Furnace shell: round, OD 10–12 m, height 3.5–5.0 m
• Furnace chamber: diameter 7–9 m, depth 2.5–3.5 m
• Electrodes: 3 pieces, triangular arrangement, Φ1.2–1.5 m
• Electrode circle diameter: 4.0–5.5 m
• Lining life: 3–7 years

3.3 Capacity & Consumption

• Daily output: 200–800 t/d
• Annual capacity: 60,000 – 250,000 t/y
• Power consumption: 2,400 – 3,800 kWh/t DRI
• Reductant: 450 – 650 kg/t
• Flux (lime/dolomite): 150 – 300 kg/t

4. Features & Advantages

• Flexible raw materials: Uses ore, pellets, coal; no coke required.
• High-quality product: Low S/P, high purity, ideal for EAF steelmaking.
• Short process, low pollution: No coking or sintering, lower CO₂ emissions.
• Stable control: Precise electric heating, stable temperature & atmosphere.
• Wide capacity range: From small (6,300 kVA) to large (75,000 kVA).