301 stainless steel is a metastable austenitic stainless steel that has an austenitic structure under the condition of sufficient solid solution. It is considered one of the easiest to strengthen stainless steels by cold deformation processing. By cold working this metal, the hardness and strength are improved and sufficient plasticity and toughness can be retained. Not only is it resistant to corrosion under atmospheric conditions, it also has excellent resistance to rust in reducing media such as air. However, it is not recommended for use in harsh corrosive environments where they exhibit poor corrosion resistance in acid, alkali and salt solutions because they have poor corrosion resistance.
304 stainless steel is one of the most common stainless steels, with a density of 7.93 g/cm3; it is also known as 18/8 stainless steel because it contains more than 18% chromium and more than 8% nickel. It can withstand high temperatures of 800 ° C and has good processing performance and high toughness characteristics, making it widely used in manufacturing and furniture decoration, as well as food and medical industries.
A versatile stainless steel material, 304L stainless steel is also known as ultra-low carbon stainless steel. It is widely used in the production of equipment and parts requiring good corrosion resistance and formability.
A free-machining stainless steel containing sulfur, 309S is used where easy machining and high surface finish are required.
In addition to its good oxidation and corrosion resistance, 310S stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel alloy. Due to its higher chromium and nickel content, 310S has much better creep strength, can still be used at high temperatures, and has good high temperature resistance properties.
The addition of Mo to 316 stainless steel makes it particularly resistant to corrosion, atmospheric corrosion, and high temperature strength, as well as excellent work hardening (non-magnetic).
A common use of 316L stainless steel is in pulp and paper equipment heat exchangers, dyeing equipment, film processing equipment, pipelines, external materials for coastal buildings, and high-end watch chains and cases.
It is a low carbon grade or L grade alloy that is resistant to sensitization during welding and heat treatment. It has high ductility, corrosion resistance, compressive strength, and high temperature resistance.
A Ni-Cr-Ti austenitic stainless steel, 321 stainless steel is corrosion resistant, high temperature resistant, creep resistant, etc. It is used to manufacture linings and pipelines for wear-resistant acid containers.
Increased strength and resistance to intergranular corrosion

Grade | C% | Mn% | P% | S% | Si% | Cr% | Ni% | Mo% |
301 | ≤0.15 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | 16.0-18.0 | 6.0-8.0 | – |
304 | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | – |
304L | ≤0.03 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-12.0 | – |
309S | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-15.0 | – |
310S | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤1.50 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | – |
316 | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 |
316L | ≤0.03 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 |
317L | ≤0.03 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 18.0-20.0 | 11.0-15.0 | 3.0-4.0 |
321 | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | – |
347 | ≤0.08 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | – |
| CHINA | JAPAN | USA | UK | ||
| Standard | GB1220 | JIS | ANSI/ASTM | BS970/BS1449 | |
| 1Cr17Ni7 | SUS301 | 301/S30100 | 301S21 | ||
| 0Cr18Ni9 | SUS304 | 304/S30300 | 304S15 | ||
| 00Cr19Ni10 | SUS304L | 304L/S30403 | 304S12 | ||
| 0cr23Ni13 | SUS309S | 309S/S30908 | |||
| 0cr25Ni20 | SUS310S | 310S/S31008 | |||
| 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | SUS316 | 316/S3160 | 316S16 | ||
| 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | SUS316L | 316L/S31603 | 316S12 | ||
| 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | SUS317L | 317L/S31703 | 317S12 | ||
| 1Cr18Ni9Ti/OCr19Ni10Ti | SUS321 | 321/S32100 | 321s12/321s20 | ||
| 0Cr18Ni11Nb | SUS347 | 347/S34700 | 347S17 | ||