XHZK1620 Low Voltage Short-Circuit Impedance Tester — a portable instrument for on-site and laboratory low-voltage short-circuit impedance measurement of 35kV and above main transformers, used to check whether windings have deformed after short-circuit or mechanical impact.
Overview
The low-voltage short-circuit impedance test is the most direct method to check whether the windings of a transformer have deformed after it has been subjected to a short-circuit current impact, or to mechanical impact during transport and installation. It is important for judging whether a transformer can be put into operation, and it is also one of the bases for deciding whether disassembly inspection is required.
The XHZK1620 is a new-generation transformer parameter tester independently developed by the manufacturer, for on-site and laboratory low-voltage short-circuit impedance measurement of 35kV and above main transformers. With a built-in 2000 W adjustable power supply and advanced A/D synchronous AC sampling and digital signal processing, it delivers accurate measurement data. It features a large color LCD with Chinese menu prompts, a high-speed thermal printer, a large internal memory, and USB data transfer to a flash drive — in a small, light and portable package.
Main Test Functions
Three-phase short-circuit impedance — displays three-phase voltage, current and power, and automatically calculates the impedance voltage percentage converted to rated temperature and rated current, plus the error against the nameplate impedance.
Single-phase short-circuit impedance — measures the short-circuit impedance of a single-phase transformer.
Zero-sequence impedance — for transformers with a high-voltage star connection and a neutral point.
Direct measurement within the instrument range; for values beyond range, external voltage and current transformers can be connected, with the CT/PT ratio set on the instrument.
7-inch high-brightness touch color LCD, clear under strong light, full touch operation, with Chinese/English switching.
Built-in 2000 W AC adjustable power supply with automatic voltage regulation.
RS232 expansion interface, built-in printer, and internal memory storing up to 200 measurement records.
USB flash-drive interface for storing and retrieving test data, plus a perpetual calendar and clock.
Three Measurement Modes in One Instrument
The XHZK1620 covers three test modes in a single unit, matched to different transformer conditions:
| Mode |
Applicable Transformer |
What It Measures |
Connection Highlights |
| Three-phase short-circuit impedance |
Three-phase transformers (star or delta HV winding) |
Three-phase voltage, current and power; impedance voltage percentage and nameplate error |
Single-phase supply applied at AB, BC, CA; LV side shorted; auto or manual mode |
| Single-phase short-circuit impedance |
Single-phase transformers |
Short-circuit impedance |
Test leads on the transformer; CT/PT used only with external supply |
| Zero-sequence impedance |
Transformers with HV star connection and neutral point |
Zero-sequence impedance |
HV three phases combined, LV open; test voltage below rated phase voltage |
For three-phase transformers, the instrument adopts a single-phase supply applied in turn to AB, BC and CA, then automatically converts the results to the three-phase test method — that is, the three-phase transformer single-phase measurement method.
Technical Specifications
| Voltage (auto range) |
15 – 500V, ±(0.2% of reading + 3 digits) |
| Current (auto range) |
0.5A – 20A, ±(0.2% of reading + 3 digits) |
| Power |
COSΦ > 0.15, ±(0.5% + 3 digits) |
| Frequency (power frequency) |
45 – 55Hz, accuracy ±0.1% |
| Short-circuit impedance |
0 – 100%, accuracy ±0.5% |
| Display |
4-digit readout, 7-inch touch color LCD |
| Built-in power supply |
2000W AC adjustable, 0–220V, 10A |
| Memory |
Stores up to 200 measurement records |
| Printer |
Built-in high-speed thermal printer |
| Interfaces |
RS232 and USB flash-drive port |
| Working power |
AC 220V ±10%, 50Hz ±1Hz |
| Ambient temperature |
-10°C – 40°C |
| Relative humidity |
≤85%RH |
Testing Conditions & Practical Notes
Rated conditions — the test should be carried out at rated frequency (sine wave) and rated current; generally the primary winding is the test winding and the secondary (high-current) side is manually shorted, with a shorting conductor matching or exceeding the transformer conductor section.
Non-rated conditions — when rated current and voltage cannot be applied on site, a small current test is recommended: per national standards, a test current reaching 25–50% of rated current satisfies the requirement (shorting conductor at least 10 mm² and well bonded).
Winding temperature — for oil-immersed transformers, use the oil-surface temperature as the winding temperature; for dry-type transformers, average the temperature at no fewer than three points on the coil.
Two-winding transformers — measure with rated current from one side and the other side shorted, at both extreme tap positions.
Three-winding transformers — measure between paired windings with the other windings open; the connection follows the selected measurement position (H-L, H-M or M-L), and the three phases switch automatically.
Important Precautions
Ensure the ground terminal or the ground wire of the power cord is reliably grounded nearby.
Power on only after the test leads are connected; during testing, never remove the test leads.
Enter correct and reasonable test-piece parameters before testing — internal calculations depend on them.
Use a thick conductor for the current loop and a thin conductor for the voltage loop; the LV shorting conductor must be thick enough to carry the LV rated current and be reliably connected.
When using the built-in power supply, never connect any external power to the voltage input terminals, or the built-in supply may be damaged.
Residual magnetism affects results, so it is recommended to discard the first measurement and repeat until the data is reliable.
Up to 200 records can be stored; the oldest record is overwritten beyond 200, so export to a USB flash drive in time.
Who It Is For
The XHZK1620 is aimed at the teams that verify the condition and impedance of large power transformers:
Transformer manufacturers running routine short-circuit impedance and load-loss tests on the production line and checking nameplate impedance error.
Power grid technical-supervision and acceptance teams verifying 35kV and above main transformers before energization.
Transformer overhaul and repair workshops using winding impedance changes to judge whether internal inspection or disassembly is required.
Third-party testing laboratories and research institutes performing impedance tests according to GB1094.1 and IEC76.1 requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the XHZK1620 used for?
It measures the low-voltage short-circuit impedance of 35kV and above main transformers on site or in the laboratory, to check whether the windings have deformed after a short-circuit current impact or mechanical impact, and to help judge whether the transformer can be put into operation.
Which test functions does it support?
It supports three-phase short-circuit impedance, single-phase short-circuit impedance, and zero-sequence impedance (the latter for transformers with a high-voltage star connection and neutral point).
What are the key ranges and accuracy?
Voltage 15–500V and current 0.5–20A at ±(0.2% of reading + 3 digits); short-circuit impedance 0–100% at ±0.5%; frequency 45–55Hz at ±0.1%.
Does it need an external power source?
No. It has a built-in 2000W AC adjustable power supply (0–220V, 10A) with automatic voltage regulation. When using the built-in supply, do not connect any external power to the voltage input terminals.
How is data stored and output?
The instrument stores up to 200 measurement records internally, can save data to a USB flash drive, and can print results directly on its built-in thermal printer.
Ordering & Service
The instrument carries a one-year warranty against quality problems from the date of manufacture (other damage is charged at material cost only), and the manufacturer provides lifetime repair and technical service. Please do not disassemble the instrument yourself; contact the company for the most convenient handling solution.
Standard kit: main unit, test leads, power cord, fuses, printer paper and ground wire.