Forced Draught Air Cooled Heat Exchanger with API 661, Petroleum Industry
Selection of Induced Draught or Forced Draught
The air-cooled heat exchanger shall be either a forced-draught exchanger or an induced-draught exchanger and shall include the components shown in Figure 1 and any auxiliaries such as ladders, walkways and platforms. Forced-draught fans should be used, except that induced-draught fans should be considered for the following situations:
A) Forced Draught | B) Induced Draught | ||
1 | Tube Bundle | 6 | Fan |
2 | Header | 7 | Fan Ring |
3 | Nozzle | 8 | Fan Deck |
4 | Supporting Column | 9 | Drive Assembly |
5 | Plenum | 10 | Fan Guard |
[Figure 1]
Construction of Tube Bundle
Tube bundles shall be rigid, self-contained, and designed for handling as a complete assembly.
Typical Construction of Tube Bundles | |||
1 | Tubesheet | 11 | Tube support cross-member |
2 | Removable cover plate | 12 | Tube keeper |
3 | Removable bonnet | 13 | Vent |
4 | Top and bottom plates | 14 | Drain |
5 | Tube | 15 | Instrument connection |
6 | Pass partition | ||
7 | Gasket | ||
8 | Nozzle | ||
9 | Side frame | ||
10 | Tube spacer |
[ A) Removable cover-plate header ]
[ B) Removable bonnet header ]
Tubes and Finning
Maximum Fin Selection Temperature for Fin Bonding Types:
Fin Bonding Type | Maximum Process Temperature °C (°F) |
Embedded fins | 400 (750) |
Externally bonded (hot-dip galvanized steel fins) | 360 (680) |
Extruded fins | 300 (570) |
Footed fins (single L) & overlap footed fins (double L) | 130 (270) |
Knurled footed fin, either single L or double L | 200 (390) |
Externally Bonded (welded or brazed fins) | > 400 (750) (maximum should be negotiated) |