Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment: The Science Behind Pure Water
1. The Physics of Nanoscale Filtration
When pure water and saltwater are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, water naturally flows toward the saltwater side (osmosis). Reverse osmosis (RO) reverses this flow by applying pressure greater than osmotic pressure to the saltwater side, forcing pure water molecules through the membrane while blocking contaminants. The heart of RO systems—the RO membrane—has 0.0001-micron pores (1/1,000,000 of a human hair), filtering ions and particles larger than 0.3–0.6 nanometers.
2. Dual Applications: Medical & Household
Medical Ultra-Pure Water
For dialysis and lab use, RO alone is insufficient. Two-stage RO + EDI (Electrodeionization) achieves 18.2 MΩ·cm resistivity. EDI combines ion exchange and electric fields to remove ions without chemicals, enabling continuous ultra-pure water production.