A transparent polycarbonate (PC) solid sheet is a rigid, clear plastic panel known for its exceptional impact resistance​ and high optical clarity. Often sold under brand names like Lexan® or Makrolon®, it is frequently used as a "bullet-proof" or "shatter-resistant" alternative to glass and other plastics like acrylic (PMMA).

Key Characteristics

1. Exceptional Impact Resistance

This is the standout feature. Polycarbonate is virtually unbreakable, offering up to 250 times the impact resistance of glass​ of the same thickness. It is highly resistant to chipping, cracking, and shattering, making it ideal for security glazing, safety barriers, and vandal-prone areas.

2. High Optical Clarity

Transparent PC sheets offer excellent light transmission, often around 88-90%, which is comparable to glass. This clarity makes it suitable for applications where a clear, undistorted view is essential, like windows, machine guards, and displays.

3. Lightweight

Polycarbonate is about half the weight of glass and similar in weight to acrylic, making it much easier to handle, transport, and install.

4. High Tensile Strength and Durability

It has good mechanical strength and can withstand significant physical force and stress without deforming permanently.

5. Good Thermal Resistance

Polycarbonate has a high heat deflection temperature (typically around 270°F / 132°C), meaning it can maintain its shape and integrity at higher temperatures than many other thermoplastics, such as acrylic.

6. Weatherability (with Coating)

Standard, uncoated polycarbonate is susceptible to UV degradation, which causes it to yellow and become brittle over time when exposed to sunlight. To counter this, almost all transparent polycarbonate sheets for outdoor use are coated on one or both sides with a hard-coat​ that contains UV inhibitors. This protective layer ensures long-term weatherability and maintains clarity.

7. Workability

It can be easily cut, drilled, thermoformed, and cold-curved (to a limited extent) without specialized tools, though it is a tougher material than acrylic and requires more effort to cut.

Limitations and Considerations

Scratch Resistance:​ This is the primary weakness. Polycarbonate is a relatively soft material and is much more prone to scratching than glass or acrylic. For applications where scratching is a concern (e.g., eyeglass lenses, smartphone screens), a hard, scratch-resistant coating must be applied.

Chemical Resistance:​ It has poor resistance to many strong solvents, alkalies, and abrasive chemicals, which can cause cracking or hazing.

Cost:​ It is generally more expensive than acrylic and significantly more expensive than glass (for a given thickness, excluding installation and security benefits).

Common Applications

Transparent polycarbonate sheets are chosen where safety, security, and durability are paramount.

Security & Safety Glazing:

Bank teller windows, bullet-resistant barriers, prison glazing.

Security windows in stores and schools.

Safety shields for machinery and industrial guards.

Protective sneeze guards in restaurants and pharmacies.

Architectural & Building:

Skylights, dome lights, and canopies (where impact resistance is key).

Noise barriers along highways.

Protective glazing in stadiums and sports facilities.

Transportation:

Windows for buses, trains, and aircraft interiors.

Protective covers for instrumentation.

Displays & Signage:

Point-of-purchase displays requiring durability.

Protective barriers over valuable artwork or exhibits.

Medical & Specialty:

Face shields and medical barriers.

Aquariums and animal enclosures.