ASTM A519 is the American standard for seamless carbon and alloy steel mechanical tubing. It covers tubes manufactured for use as mechanical components, hydraulic cylinders, and precision-machined parts – not for fluid transport under pressure (that would be ASTM A179 or A213).
The standard specifies requirements for:
ASTM A519 Seamless Precision Steel Tube is produced as a cold-drawn seamless (CDS) tube, offering tight tolerances, smooth surfaces, and consistent mechanical properties. Common grades include 1020, 1026, 4130, and 4140.
| Quick Facts | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard | ASTM A519 |
| Process | Seamless + Cold Drawn |
| Key Feature | Precision tolerances, smooth finish |
| Primary Use | Mechanical tubing, hydraulic cylinders |
| Grades | 1020, 1026, 4130, 4140 |
ASTM A519 covers multiple grades. Below are the most common carbon and alloy grades with their specified compositions.
| Grade | Carbon (C) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1010 | 0.08–0.13 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1020 | 0.18–0.23 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1025 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.30–0.60 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| 1026 | 0.22–0.28 | 0.60–0.90 | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.050 |
| Grade | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Molybdenum (Mo) | Manganese (Mn) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4130 | 0.28–0.33 | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.40–0.60 |
| 4140 | 0.38–0.43 | 0.80–1.10 | 0.15–0.25 | 0.75–1.00 |
ASTM A519 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Grade Selection Guide:
| Grade | Key Feature | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| 1020/1026 | Good weldability and formability | General mechanical tubing |
| 4130 | Higher strength, good toughness | Aerospace, roll cages, shafts |
| 4140 | Highest strength, excellent hardenability | Hydraulic cylinders, heavy-duty components |
Mechanical properties vary with grade, heat treatment, and cold-drawing reduction. Below are typical minimum values.
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1020 | ≥ 420 | ≥ 350 | ≥ 15 |
| 1026 | ≥ 450 | ≥ 380 | ≥ 15 |
| Grade | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4130 | ≥ 560 | ≥ 460 | ≥ 15 |
| 4140 | ≥ 655 | ≥ 415 | ≥ 15 |
Values are minimums. Actual properties depend on tube size and heat treatment. Quenching and tempering can significantly increase strength – 4140 can achieve 900–1100 MPa tensile after proper heat treatment.
| Condition | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Hardness (HB) |
|---|---|---|---|
| As-cold-drawn | 650–800 | 500–650 | 200–250 |
| Stress-relieved (SR) | 650–750 | 450–550 | 200–230 |
| Quenched + Tempered (Q&T) | 900–1200 | 750–1000 | 280–360 |
| Parameter | Typical Tolerance |
|---|---|
| Outside diameter (OD) | ± 0.10 mm to ± 0.50 mm (size dependent) |
| Wall thickness | ± 10% to ± 12.5% |
| Inside diameter (ID) | ± 0.25 mm to ± 0.50 mm (size dependent) |
| Straightness | ≤ 1.0 mm per meter |
For tighter tolerances, honing or skiving + roller burnishing is available.
Primary Use: Hydraulic cylinder barrels and mechanical components
Other Applications:
Quick Pick:
| Need | Choose |
|---|---|
| General mechanical tubing | ASTM A519 1026 |
| Hydraulic cylinder barrel | ASTM A519 4140 |
| Aerospace/roll cage | ASTM A519 4130 |
| Cost-sensitive application | ASTM A519 1020 |
Every ASTM A519 tube we supply is backed by rigorous quality control and full traceability.
| Test | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Chemical analysis | Verify composition per standard |
| Tensile test | Confirm yield, tensile, and elongation |
| Hardness test | Check consistency (Brinell or Rockwell) |
| Flattening test | Assess ductility |
| NDT (eddy current or ultrasonic) | Detect surface and subsurface defects |
| Dimensional inspection | Verify OD, ID, and wall thickness |
| Surface inspection | Check for defects and surface finish |
| Advantage | Detail |
|---|---|
| Stock availability | Common sizes ready to ship |
| Custom cutting | Cut to your exact lengths |
| Value-added services | Honing, skiving, and burnishing are available |
| Technical support | Engineering team for application advice |
| Global shipping | Door-to-door delivery |
Request an ASTM A519 Seamless Precision Steel Tube Quote