Forsterite sand (also known as magnesium olivine sand or olivine sand) is a naturally occurring magnesium silicate mineral with the chemical formula Mg₂SiO₄. As the magnesium-rich end-member of the olivine group, forsterite sand is distinguished by its exceptional refractoriness, low thermal expansion, and outstanding resistance to chemical corrosion from molten metals and basic slags. With a melting point exceeding 1760°C and a Mohs hardness of 6–7, forsterite sand has become an indispensable raw material in steelmaking, foundry casting, and refractory manufacturing worldwide.
| Item | Standard | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 43.16 | °C |
| MgO | 44.89 | % |
| Fe2O3 | 7.9 | % |
| CaO | 4.05 | % |