Excavator Volvo 140 hydraulic pump gear pump pilot pump 14524927

Gear pump is a common type of hydraulic pump in hydraulic system. Its structure and working principle are as follows:

Structural composition

Gear pump is mainly composed of the following core components:

- A pair of meshing gears: divided into driving gear (driven by power source) and driven gear (meshing and rotating with driving gear).

- Pump body: The housing that holds the gear, with a cavity inside that matches the gear shape to ensure that the gap between the gear and the pump body is minimal when the gear rotates.

- End cover: Installed on both sides of the pump body, sealing the pump cavity and supporting the gear shaft at the same time.

- Gear shaft: Connect the gear with the power source (driving shaft) or support the driven gear to ensure stable rotation of the gear.

- Sealing device: such as sealing ring, to prevent hydraulic oil from leaking from the gap between the pump body and the end cover.

Working principle

Gear pump realizes oil suction and oil pressure based on "volume change". The specific process is as follows:

1. Oil suction process: When the driving gear rotates, it drives the driven gear to mesh and rotate in the opposite direction. On one side of the gear meshing point (oil suction chamber), the gear tooth groove gradually disengages, the volume between the teeth increases, and a local vacuum is formed. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the oil suction chamber through the oil suction pipe and fills the tooth groove.
2. Oil pressure process: The gear continues to rotate, and the hydraulic oil in the tooth groove is brought to the other side of the meshing point (oil pressure chamber). At this time, the gear gradually enters meshing, the volume between the teeth decreases, and the hydraulic oil is squeezed out of the oil pressure chamber and transported to the hydraulic system through the oil pipe to realize the transmission of pressure energy.

The core is to use the periodic change of the volume between the teeth when the gears are meshing (increase → oil suction, decrease → oil pressure) to complete the suction and discharge of hydraulic oil and provide power for the hydraulic system.

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