Ammonium persulfate

Ammonium Persulfate for Agriculture and Fertilizer Production

‌Basic Properties‌

• ‌Standard name‌: ‌Ammonium persulfate‌
• ‌Synonyms‌: Ammonium peroxydisulfate, Ammonium persulphate
• ‌Chemical formula‌: (NH₄)₂S₂O₈
• ‌Molar mass‌: 228.201–228.231 g/mol (variations due to measurement conditions)
• ‌CAS Registry Number‌: [7727-54-0]

‌Physical Properties‌

• ‌Appearance‌: White crystalline powder or granules;
• ‌Melting point‌: 120°C (decomposes, releasing oxygen and ammonium bisulfate);
• ‌Density‌: 1.98 g/cm³;
• ‌Solubility‌:
  • Highly soluble in water;
  • Insoluble in ethanol;
• ‌Stability‌: Stable under dry conditions, decomposes in humid environments.

‌Chemical Properties‌

• ‌Oxidative nature‌: Strong oxidizing agent due to the peroxydisulfate ion (S₂O₈²⁻);
• ‌Hydrolysis‌: Forms acidic solutions (pH 2–3) by generating sulfate and hydrogen sulfate ions;
• ‌Decomposition‌:
  • In acidic conditions: Releases hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid;
  • In alkaline conditions: Releases hydrogen peroxide and hydroxide ions.

‌Major Applications‌

1. ‌Industrial & Chemical Synthesis‌:

   • ‌Polymerization initiator‌ for vinyl acetate, acrylates, and styrene-based monomers;
   • ‌Etching agent‌ for printed circuit boards and metal surfaces;
   • ‌Oxidizing agent‌ in organic reactions and bleach formulations

2. ‌Material Science‌:

   • ‌Curing agent‌ for urea-formaldehyde resins
   • ‌Electrolyte additive‌ in battery systems

3. ‌Other Uses‌:

   • ‌Soil conditioner‌ in agriculture
   • ‌Disinfectant‌ in water treatment
   • ‌Depolarizer‌ in batteries

‌Safety & Storage‌

• ‌Hazards‌: Corrosive, causes skin/eye irritation; releases toxic gases (e.g., sulfur oxides) upon decomposition
• ‌Storage‌: Keep in airtight containers, away from moisture and heat sources

Technological Breakthroughs and Sustainable Development

• Green electrolysis process: Adopts ion membrane electrolysis technology, reducing energy consumption by 30% while increasing product purity to 99.9%;

• Crystal morphology control: Obtains spherical crystals with better flowability through crystallization process optimization, improving usage performance;

• Composite activation systems: Develops multiple activation methods including thermal and UV activation to enhance oxidation efficiency;

• Safety performance improvement: Enhances product stability through surface treatment technology, reducing storage and transportation risks.