| Primary Load-Bearing Members |
Columns (Vertical) |
Support vertical loads |
High-strength low-alloy steel |
| Primary Load-Bearing Members |
Beams (Horizontal) |
Carry floor/roof loads |
H-section, I-section most common |
| Primary Load-Bearing Members |
Trusses |
Long-span roof support |
Triangular/parallel chord designs |
| Primary Load-Bearing Members |
Bracings (Diagonal) |
Resist wind/seismic forces |
X/K-type configurations |
| Secondary Members |
Purlins (Roof) |
Support roof panels |
Thickness: 1.5-3.0 mm |
| Secondary Members |
Girts (Wall) |
Support wall cladding |
Spacing: 1.0-2.0 m |
| Connections & Fasteners |
High-Strength Bolts |
Member connections |
M16-M30 common |
| Connections & Fasteners |
End Plates |
Beam-column joints |
Pre-drilled bolt holes |
| Connections & Fasteners |
Shear Studs |
Steel-concrete composite action |
Welded to beams for floor slabs |
| Enclosure Systems |
Roof Panels |
Weather protection |
Standing seam/corrugated types |
| Enclosure Systems |
Sandwich Panels (Walls) |
Insulation + cladding |
Fire rating: A2/B1 |
| Enclosure Systems |
ALC Panels (Floors/Walls) |
Fire/thermal insulation |
Density: 550-650 kg/m³ |
| Accessories |
Base Plates |
Column-to-foundation transfer |
Anchored with cast-in bolts |
| Accessories |
Stair Modules |
Prefabricated access |
Integrated handrails (S304 stainless) |
| Accessories |
Crane Rails |
Overhead crane support |
Welded to column brackets |